What function does a "certificate of incorporation" serve?

The certificate of incorporation serves a vital function as it allows a corporation to operate legally. This document, often referred to as the articles of incorporation, is filed with the state to formally establish a corporation as a legal entity separate from its owners. Upon approval, it grants the corporation certain rights and responsibilities, enabling it to conduct business, enter contracts, and provide liability protection for its shareholders.

The other functions described, such as certifying the qualifications of corporate officers, acting as legal representation in court, or summarizing corporate bylaws and policies, do not accurately capture the primary purpose of the certificate of incorporation. While bylaws may be separate documents that guide the corporation's internal management, the certificate specifically pertains to the legal recognition and formation of the corporation itself.