What is an appellant in the context of a court case?

An appellant is defined as a party who takes an appeal from one court to another. In legal terms, this refers specifically to the individual or entity that seeks to challenge the decision or ruling made by a lower court, usually because they believe that the ruling was erroneous or unjust. The appeal process allows for a review of the case by a higher court, often a court of appeals or supreme court, which can confirm, overturn, or modify the lower court's decision.

Understanding the role of the appellant is crucial in the appellate process, as this party is responsible for presenting reasons and arguments as to why the initial ruling should be reconsidered. The appellant's further legal journey hinges on the outcome of their appeal, which can have significant implications for their case. The other responses refer to different roles or functions in the legal system: a defendant addresses the allegations made against them; a judge presides over court proceedings; and a witness provides relevant information or testimony regarding the case.