Which process involves parties trying to resolve disputes informally?

The process involving parties trying to resolve disputes informally is negotiation. In negotiation, individuals or parties communicate directly with each other to discuss their issues and come to a mutually acceptable resolution. This process is typically less formal than other dispute resolution methods, such as mediation, litigation, or arbitration.

Negotiation emphasizes direct dialogue and compromise, allowing parties to retain control over the outcome without the need for third-party intervention. It can occur in various settings, including personal disputes, business disagreements, or legal matters, making it a versatile and commonly used method for conflict resolution.

While mediation also involves attempting to resolve disputes informally, it typically includes a neutral third-party mediator to facilitate the conversation and help reach a resolution. In contrast, negotiation does not require any third-party help, allowing the parties to work through their differences on their own.

The other processes, such as litigation and arbitration, are much more formal and structured. Litigation involves taking a dispute to court, where a judge or jury makes a binding decision based on legal principles. Arbitration, similar to litigation, involves a third party who reviews the evidence and renders a decision, but it is generally less formal than court proceedings. Both options typically do not prioritize the informal resolution of disputes as negotiation does.